Directory Traversal Explained

Directory traversal, also known as path traversal or dot-dot-slash attack, is a common web application vulnerability that allows attackers to access files or directories outside the intended directory structure. In this tutorial, we'll delve into the concept of directory traversal, the risks it poses to web applications, and strategies to prevent and mitigate such vulnerabilities.

What is Directory Traversal?

Directory traversal occurs when an attacker manipulates input parameters to access files or directories outside the root directory of a web application. This can lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive information, execution of arbitrary code, or even a complete compromise of the application.

Risks of Directory Traversal

1. Unauthorized Data Access: Attackers can access and retrieve sensitive files, such as configuration files, databases, or password files.

2. Arbitrary Code Execution: Exploiting directory traversal may allow attackers to execute arbitrary code on the server, leading to further compromise.

Directory Traversal Exploitation

1. Identify Vulnerable Input Points

Locate input points in the application that may be susceptible to directory traversal, such as URL parameters or file upload functionalities.

2. Craft Exploitative Requests

Craft requests that include path manipulation sequences (e.g., ../ or %2e%2e%2f) to navigate outside the intended directory.

3. Access Sensitive Files

Exploit the vulnerability to access sensitive files or directories. For example:

https://website.pwn/view?file=../../../etc/passwd